Impact of NAFTA on the US economy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Impact of NAFTA on the US economy - Term Paper Example economy over a period of time with respect to U.S. trade balance, employments, jobs, and wages. NAFTA and its impact of United States Economy According to Teslik (2009) NAFTA, implemented in January 1994, and signed by Democratic President Bill Clinton, is a trilateral free trade deal between United States, Canada, and Mexico. The primary objective of the agreement is to eliminate several tariffs on products traded among the United States, Mexico, and Canada. Terms of the agreement were aimed to eliminate these tariffs in a gradual manner. The agreement was not fully implemented before 1 January, 2008. The deal phased out export tariffs in several industries, in particular, agriculture, and reduced taxes on textiles and automobiles. NAFTA implemented intellectual property protection, instituted a dispute regulation system, and established regional labor and environmental safeguard. However there is some criticism and lobbying when it comes to establishing regional labor and environme ntal safeguards (What is NATA? para. 2). NAFTA’s impact on trade Since NAFTA’s implementation, trade relation between United States, Mexico, and Canada have diversified substantially. However, there is expert’s disagreement on the extent of such expansion which is directly associated with NAFTA (Teslik, 2009, para.6).According to the data from the office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) as Teslik (2009) states: The United States chief negotiator in foreign trade and major booster of NAFTA and other free trade accords, the overall value of intra-North American trade has more than tripled since the agreement inception. The USTR adds that regional business investment in the United States rose 117 percent between 1993 and 2007, as compared to a 45 percent rise in the fourteen years prior period. Trade with NAFTA partners now accounts for more than 80 percent of Canadian and Mexican trade, and more than a third of U.S. trade. (para.6) Trade deficit and unemplo yment NAFTA’s impact on U.S. economy has been subjected to the â€Å"boom-and-bust† cycle that directed domestic consumption, investment, and speculation in the mid- and late 1990s.Between 1994 and 2000, there was rapid increase in employments in the United States which caused substantial decrease in an overall unemployment rate. However, unemployment rise in 2001 resulted in the loss of 2.4 million jobs in domestic economy during March 2001 and October 2003(Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2003 as cited in Scott, 2003, p.3).The primary sector of these job losses was manufacturing which underwent a total decline of 2.4 million jobs since early 2001.With the dried job growth in the economy, other underlying issues stemming from U.S. trade deficit became more evident, particularly in manufacturing sector (Scott, 2003, p.3). After three decades of steadily growing global trade deficit, United States experienced rapid increase in these deficit after the implementation of NAFTA in1996.In 2002,foreign exports constitute 11.6 percent of total U.S. exports to Mexico and Canada(Scott,2003,p.3).Though, U.S. domestic exports to NAFTA partners experienced a dramatic increase(95.2 percent to Mexico, and 41 percent to Canada), increase in imports of 195.3 percent from Mexico and 61.1 percent from Canada exceeds the exports growth overwhelmingly(EPI analysis of BSL and Census Bureau as cited in Scott,2003,p.3).As a result,$30 billion U.S. net export deficit with Mexico and Canada increased by 281 percent

The Adventure of the Speckled Band Essay Example for Free

The Adventure of the Speckled Band   Essay This passage is very strange since it is a comedy scene in a very serious situation. It is in contrast to the rest of the story and may have been used to give light relief to the reader following the tense episodes before.  Towards the end of the story, the writer takes us inside the mind of anarchist. Showing us how he feels triumphant and more powerful than any anarchist before, how he has now become infamous.  How brilliantly he had planned it, forged the letter of introduction, and got into the laboratory, and how brilliantly he had seized his opportunity! The world should hear of him at last. All those people who had sneered at him, neglected him, preferred other people to him, found his company undesirable, should consider him at last. This is ironic because, as he is getting more and more confident about being famous, the tube containing Cholera breaks on him. The anarchist knows that he will now be the first to die and that he now cannot kill anyone else as he had hoped. The mood changes as the anarchist is no longer feeling triumphant but depressed until he realises that if he drinks the tiny drops left that he will be the first to die but will also be a martyr to his cause. He jumps out of his cab and begins to brush himself against on as many people as he can, hoping to spread the disease. The end of the story is very ironic and has a twist which we also saw in Napoleon and the Spectre. The germ that the Anarchist stole was not a germ at all, he had stole the bacteriologists formula to turn monkey, kittens and puppies blue. He only told the anarchist it was Cholera to impress him. The bacteriologist yelled blue ruin when the anarchist had taken it because that was the name of the formula, and he chased after him because it would have been too much trouble to make another batch.  In conclusion, I thought this story was good; it had sudden mood changes which made it interesting and a twist at the end of the story, which kept the intrigue going to the end. The Adventure of the Speckled Band  Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859 and died in 1930. He created the world famous character Sherlock Holmes in a story called A Study in Scarlet published in 1887. He based the character on Joseph Bell, who was a surgeon he had trained with and was particularly struck by his powers of observation and logic. The Adventure of the Speckled Band was widely admired as one of the best written, most exciting Sherlock Holmes stories, it was written in 1892. The story begins with Dr. Watson, Sherlock Holmes assistant, explaining about Holmes and how he solves cases I had no keener pleasure than in following Holmes in his professional investigations, and in admiring the rapid deductions, as swift as intuitions, and yet always founded on a logical basis, with which he unravelled the problems which were submitted to him From this we not only learn Holmes method of work but also that his companion Watson, holds him in high regard. The character Watson is a little dim, which emphasises Sherlocks cleverness and intuitiveness. This shows that there is contrast between the characters. Holmes is approached by Miss Helen Stoner who is desperate for his help concerning her sisters mysterious death. On meeting Holmes he comments on her shivering it is not cold which makes me shiver. It is fear Mr Holmes. It is terror This captures the readers interest and they are eager to find out what this young lady is so afraid of.  The reader sees Sherlock Holmes deductive techniques almost at once, when he makes and observation about the sleeves of his client, Miss Helen Stoner. There is no mystery, my dear madam, said he, smiling. The left arm of your jacket is splattered with mud in no less than seven places. The marks are perfectly fresh. There is no vehicle save a dog cart which throws up mud in that way, and then only when you sit on the left hand side of the driver. This gives the reader a clear idea of how Sherlock approaches a case and his acute sense of observation. Miss Stoner is extremely anxious about her sisters mysterious death. Helens sister, Julia, died in a locked room, just before she was due to get married and her death could not be explained But I have heard Mr Holmes, that you can see deeply into the manifold wickedness of the human heart. You may advise me how to walk amid the dangers which encompass me This not only gets the full attention of Holmes but of the audience too. Helen is about to become married and is due to stay in the same room as her sister and is therefore very worried. When reading her account of what happened, we are introduced to her Step- father Dr Roylott, we learn that he has killed his butler. This gives a dark impression of him from the start. We then learn that he is to give each of his step daughters an annual sum in the event of their marriage. Doyle continues to build a negative image of Dr Roylott, referring to his temper approaching mania and him becoming the terror of the village and folks would fly at his approach, for he is a man of immense strength, and absolutely uncontrollable in his anger The reader now has a very clear image that this is a character to fear and tension is beginning to build in them as to what this man is capable of. They are also given a clue as what is coming when Doyle refers to Royletts passion for Indian animals. In contrast to Dr Royletts frightening demeanour, Doyle shows Helen Stoner and her sister to be frail, long suffering victims of this man You can imagine from what I say that my poor sister Julia and I had no great pleasure in our lives The reader is made to feel pity for these girls.  Miss Stoner goes on to relate her sisters untimely and mysterious death. We learn that Dr Roylett, Julia and Helens bedrooms were all together on the ground floor of the manor house. There is no connection between these rooms and they all open onto the same corridor. We also learn that the sisters lock themselves into their room at night as they dont feel safe with Dr Royletts exotic animals roaming around. Julia has mentioned to her a strange whistling that she has heard during the previous nights have you ever heard anyone whistle in the dead of night? This is an extremely eerie comment and intrigues the reader as to what may be responsible for this sound. We see the same technique used in Napoleon and the Spectre. It is at this point that the reader is first made aware of the speckled band As Helen recounts the events of her sisters death, she refers to a low whistle preceded a wild scream of a terrified woman. She goes on to tell how she found her sister her face blanched with terror collapsing in terrible pain and shrieking about It was a band! The speckled band. Doyle has used a lot of descriptive language to create this scene, to give the reader a clear picture of the horrendous death of this young woman. This builds the tension that is already building in the audience in terms of Dr Roylett. The next part of the story relays how Helen herself is due to be married and has to stay in the room her sister died in. On the first night there, Helen while laying awake and thinking of her sisters death, hears a low whistle. It is following this episode that Helen runs from the manor house and goes to Sherlock Holmes for help. The reader is now full of tension and is desperate to see Sherlock protect Helen from this unseen danger. This shows that Doyle has achieved a high level of climatic tension. He increases the tension further by bringing Holmes and Dr Roylett together. The description of Roylett in detailed and uses metaphors like seared with a thousand wrinkles and marked with every evil passion he ends his description by comparing Roylett to a fierce bird of prey Once again the reader is given a clear and negative picture of Roylett and empasises that Helen may be his object of prey. Holmes however is not in the slightest bit intimidated by Roylett which reassures the reader that Holmes may yet be able to protect Helen from her step father. When Roylett bends the poker with his bare hands and throws the twisted poker into the fireplace Holmes laughs at this which reinforces to the reader that Holmes is not intimidated by Roylett and is therefore the hero in the story. The story then moves to Holmes examining the three bedrooms at the manor house. He discovers that in Helens room, which was previously Julias room, that there is a dummy bell rope This is very interesting. You can see now that it is fastened to a hook just above where the little opening for the ventilator is he also spots that the ventilators do not ventilate. This allows the reader to attempt to solve the puzzles alongside Holmes which keeps them intrigued. Another clue is revealed upon the discovery of a saucer of milk on Dr Royletts desk. Doyle has given the reader enough clues to solve the mystery themselves, however he has also littered the case with red herrings. This adds to the intrigue and tension within the story. Towards the end of the story Doyle uses a conversation between Watson and Holmes to highlight the significant clues. This keeps the clues fresh in the readers mind and again gives them the opportunity to solve the case themselves. This is a clever literary device as it keeps the reader who wants to solve the crime themselves interested but for those who are not keen to do the work they still want to read on as they are aware they are near to the solution becoming evident.  The story concludes with Holmes pulling all the pieces of evidence together and giving a blow by blow description of the events. This was my favourite of the three stories. I particularly liked the way Doyle gave the reader the opportunity to solve the crime themselves. This keeps the reader actively involved with the story and makes them eager to read on to gather more and more evidence. I enjoyed the manner in which Doyle makes you care for the victim and therefore get behind Holmes in his attempts to solve the crime, even though all along you know he will. This style of writing would encourage readers to want to read more Doyle stories as you would develop an affection for Watson and Holmes. Almost as though they were personal friends.

Ethical Decision Making In Nursing Scholarly Nursing Essay

Ethical Decision Making In Nursing Scholarly Nursing Essay Nurses are constantly confronting various ethical issues in their everyday clinical practice. An ethical dilemma is complex situation emerging from the conflict between moral obligations in which complying with one would result in contravening another (College of Nurses of Ontario [CNO], 2009). Nurses using CNOs ethical conducts and decision-making framework will help in directing their ethical course of action. This framework involves the use of moral component such as claim, evidence, warrant, basis, rebuttal and ethical decision to guide in resolving the conflict (Arnold Boggs, 2011). Thus, the aim of this paper is to use ethical decision-making framework step by step in exploring an ethical issue by analyzing a pediatric case study to make significant decisions. Claim is the first moral component of the framework. It emphasizes on various dilemmas arising from the case study such as pediatric advance directive, consent to treatment by being competent minor and decision-making capacity. The ethical dilemma arises from this case study is whether to choose wishes of adolescent patient considering his treatment or should the wishes of his parents outweigh his request. The case study describes Kyle 14 years old male who has stake in outcome of the decision, and suffering from lymphocytic leukemia cancer. The case study involves Kyle as patient with physicians and his parents to determine the care in best interest of patient. The involved Physicians in care stated Kyles health is deteriorating and not responding to the chemotherapy treatment. Hence, the value of Kyles parents is to continue with the chemotherapy treatment in hope to work and prolong his life. However, Kyle having different point of view, refused to take any heroic measure and aske d for DNR order to be placed in his chart. This way, his parents value would be violated if nurse chooses to accept the decision of Kyle. According to article by Tabak and zvi (2008), patient being mature minor competent has right to refuse treatment and is allowed to choose decisions regarding all the aspects of his treatment. Hence, nurse is caught in conflict between parents and Kyle. Thus, Kyle being in client center care, whichever decision nurse chooses from patient and parents will impact the Kyles care. The evidence is next moral component of the framework. According to the scenario, physician sharing information with patient about the health status shows their mutual trust in relationship. This relationship indicates Kyles right to know as being cognitively capable to understand pros and cons of the treatment and participate in the discussion. According to Tabak and zvi (2009), the norm of informed consent is that patient has right to know truthful information about his health status from health care professionals to make informed decisions. From the case study another evidence indicates, Kyle being cognitively mature adolescent with a chronic illness (at the age of 5), knowledge to make informed decisions (DNR) and, experienced with treatments (several dose of chemotherapy). According to the article by Tabak and Zvi (2008), if the adolescent being minor is coping with long term and life threatening situation then patient is cognitively aware of the nature of the illness and has ri ght to give consent. With this fact, his parents are seizing over his autonomy by denying his choices or capacity to make decisions. According to the article by Rogers, Alex, Macdoland, Gallant and Austin (2009), states that allowing children to express and offering choices escalates their quality of life and dignity. In this case, parents emotional grief for child may prevent them understanding childs moral value or quality of life. It seems parents attachment with child making them not to understand childs perception of suffering from medications and wishes to extend his life even if it has to do with holding on to the hope of future medication to work (Macgrawth Phillip, 2008). As a result, parents are going against standards and not performing critical thinking. The evidences found in the case study are true, relevant to make decision, but lacks in sufficiency due to having inadequate in-depth reasoning behind klyes decisions. Warrant is another part of the framework. It requires using professional standard of care, and legal precedents and policies. If I were a nurse confronting ethical dilemma conflict between patient and parents decision over treatment, I would critically examine choices using professional standards. First thing I will take childs age into consideration for informed consent. As stated in pediatric Cancer Society (CPS) (2008), in Ontario there is no age of consent. However, there is mature minor right where patient not being adult in age, but cognitively able are allowed to consider the treatment choices and alternatives based on the evaluation of consequences. This explains Kyle being only 14 years old is able to give consent of refusing treatment, which is on his best interest along with knowing his nature of treatment. As well as, according to CPS (2008), when benefit of the treatment overweighs burden it should be respected. Similarly, Kyles choosing to preserve his quality of life o verweighs the option of treatment associated with pain and suffering which should be respected. Moreover, according to CNA (2008) code of ethics, under promoting and respecting informed decision-making, nurses have right to advocate for the patient if his/her rights are being influences by others decisions. In this case, by abiding this code, I would recognize the kyles right and support his capability to withdraw or withhold the consent for treatment regardless of his parents request. Furthermore, according the CNOs (2009) practice standard ethics clients well-being and client choice are relevant ethical values for nurse when parents and patients view are differentiated in what is beneficial. I as a nurse without judging would evaluate, respect and determine the rationale for the chosen option by parents and patient in terms of benefit vs. risk to assist in making decision. By abiding professional standards and policies will help me as a nurse to have evidence based rationale to de liver ethical clinical care to Kyle. Basis is the next component in the framework involves ethical principles. In this scenario, autonomy, beneficence, and veracity are ethical principles used as guide to analyze ethical issue (Arnold Boggs, 2011). Autonomy refers to patients right to make informed decision about his/her medical care without having anyones influence on it. In this case, parents desired decision takes over Kyles autonomy by contradicting his decision-making capacity (being minor) regarding his treatment and DNR options. Hence, allowing Kyle to make informed decision by allowing him to express his preference, concerns, and wishes would respect his autonomy and will preserve his dignity (Whitty-Rogers et al., 2009). Another principle, beneficence requires to prevent harm to others. In this scenario, kyles going through chemotherapy treatment shows no improvement (beneficences), yet him going through this process for prolong life will increase his pain and suffering. From parental perception, treatment hel ping to prolong lifetime indicates harm in hope of beneficences. For parents, treatment adding to survival period over side effects would appear as convenient option to accept (Mcgrath Phillip, 2008). Last ethical principle veracity refers to responsibility of telling truth. In this case scenario physician or HCP has provided truthful information to patient and family regarding health status and effectiveness of treatment. Hence, there is no other information hidden from patient to help making informed decision. Hence, it is significance for nurse to continue using this principle to support and oppose argument made by each person to solve the conflict. In addition, rebuttal is another component of framework. It focuses on costs and benefits of each choices. The benefit of the choice made by Kyle will alleviate his suffering by refusing the unresponsive treatment and DNR, which will increase his quality of life. It will strengthen the trust in nurse-patient relationship. On the other hand the risk associated with Kyles choice shortens the quantity of life due to having no treatment and DNR actions to rescue his life. Another harm associated is that it would hinder the relationship between parents-patient and nurse-family due to opposing their request. Furthermore, the benefits associated with parental choices of continuing treatment will prolong their and Kyles time of togetherness. As well as, risk associated with parents choice will escalate the pain and suffering of patient by reducing the quality of life. This violates the ethical principle of choosing non-maleficence for the hope of beneficence and reducing patients autonomy an d dignity. As denying parents preference can hinder trusting nurse-patient relationship. Especially when trust, respect and honesty are essential to meet the health care needs of patient and in facilitating end of life care decision making (RNAO, 2006). Although, alternatives could be arranging meeting with parents and patient will help to understand each others perception, as well as allowing to accommodate/negotiate any choices to reach mutual decision. This way parents might be able to see the suffering and pain that treatment brings for child in order to prolong time. Also, Kyle would be able to understand emotional side of parents where his life is more valuable and beneficial over side effect of the treatment. As a result, palliative care could be an alternative option in progressive illness to ease quality of life with quantity of life. Palliative care can benefit in relieving the suffering in holistic way of patients life. For example, chemotherapy being used can have medica tions to relieve side effects of nausea to minimize the suffering (Mcgrath phillip, 2008). As well as, choosing to continue with the unresponsive chemotherapy treatment (side effects) with palliative care may limit the patients quality of life. At last, a nurse being reasonably prudent and ethical should apply moral principles in decision-making. The primary object of the nurse would be to identify ethical issue. The ethical issue in this case study is adolescents treatment decision conflicts with parents decision in determining authority for decision-making. Then nurse will evaluate the evident data to obtain all the relevant and sufficient information. Moreover, nurse should have understanding of CNA, CNOs code of ethics, and RNAO BPGs to have knowledge regarding law, legal action and to have evidence-based rationale in guiding the decision-making process. Nurse would evaluate the claim by recognizing moral reasoning in each persons perspective. According to CNA (2008) values, under client wellbeing and choices, nurse should respect family and patients opinion. Nurse should make parents acknowledge about the adolescents right in making decision. If patient is mature minor and competent to make informed decision then nurse should advocate for patient even if its opposes parental request. Last but not least, nurse should weigh risk and benefits of each persons choices in terms of possible long terms and short-term consequences. Hence, nurse can offer alternative options by collaborating with other HCP if necessary to balance and develop mutual goal between HCP, patient and parents. In conclusion, to achieve resolution in ethical dilemma involves critical thinking. This paper has analyzed an ethical dilemma in determining whether is it Kyle or parents, who has authority to take decision regarding treatment. It evaluated others factors such as pediatric age consent, and being cognitively competent to understand the consequences that could influence the decision-making. Paper also included three nursing journal to support the evidence, professional standards, and ethical principles to direct decision-making. At last, being ethical nurse, to determine decision in patients best interest, possible consequences from the choices were outweighed in terms of risk and benefits. Thus, the use of decision making framework facilitated in deciding what is morally and ethically acceptable in patients best interest while facing ethical dilemma. Kyle is a 14 year old male diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia at age 5. He has endured multiple relapses requiring several rounds of chemotherapy with short periods of remission. He has been readmitted to the paediatric oncology unit after metastases to his lungs and brain have been found. During a family meeting to discuss treatment options, Kyles attending physician explains that the cancer is rapidly progressing and unresponsive to treatment. Kyle feels that he has endured enough and does not want any further heroic measures and has asked that a DNR (do not resuscitate order) be placed in his chart. Kyles parents do not agree with this course of action and are holding onto to hope that more treatment may prolong his life.

Macbeth :: essays research papers

Have your ever seen a play? Plays can be the most wonderful thing in the world. Plays begain takin play hundreds of years ago. The one play that was played years ago is still looked at to be one of the best plays ever to have steped foot on the stage. The play is called Macbeth and was first performed in the summer of 1606 with James and the visiting king of Denmark in attendance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The play was writted by Shakespear in thought to please King James and account for the prominence of witchcraft in Macbeth. In that time witches were feared by the less educated people. No one wanted to spread of witch's they thought that witches use accusations of witchcraft as a way to get rid of political enemies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the play Macbeth there were a couple people that influenced Macbeth to do the bad things or things that he did to be come King and to stay King. I think the biggest influnce of them all was Lady Macbeth she made Macbeth kill the king. At first when she asked him to kill the king Macbeth didnt want to there was no reason for it. But then she called him names and told him how much of a coward he was and that he had to honor. She told Macbeth what to do all the time and when she didnt get her was Macbeth was in trouble. Lady Macbeth was very spoiled if you ask me she needed to get her way and she would do aneything it took to have it like that.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were others in the story that influnced Macbeth to do things that he normaly wouldnt do and that was the witches. The witches had a big part of the play but were thought to be added in after the play was taken. But the witches influenced and told Macbeth that people were goin to talk to castle from him and they made he not care about aneything. The only thing that Macbeth cared about was King. Like when Lady Macbeth died he didnt care he didnt have time to care or think about his lost wife his King ship was on the line. LadyMacbeth was thought to be a witch but was never proven to be. Like witchs couldnt have kids and LadyMacbeth couldnt eather.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth's character change form the beginning of the story to the end.

About “Oh what a lovely war” the play by joan littlewood Essay

This classic play devised by Joan Littlewood and the Theatre Workshop takes a humorous and light-hearted walk through the history of World War One. The production brims with anecdotes, jokes, songs and dance, but we are never allowed to forget that the Great War was no joke, and are presented with a thought-provoking insight into the futility of war. It was written in the time of the swinging 60s, a time of rebellion from the youth against the conformities of their seniors. Especially when it came to the futility of war; the Vietnam War was on topic opinion. Unbeknown to popular belief this is not the reason Littlewood wrote her play. The production came to life through the combined efforts of director and actors in Joan Littlewood’s Theatre Workshop in 1963. They had been provoked by a BBC program with songs from WW I: ‘Terrible!’ – ‘Sentimental.’ – ‘All that feeling and no imagination.’ – ‘Pure nostalgia.’ – ‘They couldn’t sing like that stuck in a trench!’ – ‘Waiting for the next bomb to blow their heads off.’ These were the words of Littlewood and her actors. World War 1 was responsible for the deaths of 10 million people, the equivalent of a twin tower disaster every day for 4 years. From the play you receive a sense of near blind patriotism and hope which is exemplified through the songs such as good byee-ee. These moments contrasts from the heightened physicality like the drill sergeant. The drill sergeant character dimensions were he was a tall man, of the upper classes. His character dimensions differed from the soldiers he was trying to instruct. They were poor, low class and incompetent. Oh what a lovely war provides all the Elements of Drama. Six major elements of drama according to Aristotle: plot, character, theme, dialogue, music, spectacle. MC part, he tells a joke ‘have you heard the one about The great Von and his 3 daughters†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The MC controls all the action in the play. This is very similar to the Threepenny opera written by Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill’s. Both plays show their meaning through song s, like I don’t want to be a soldier and The Ballard of sexual imperative. A contrasting play would the naturalistic play of the children. Other than character dimensions I have learnt; Emotional Perception. The detection and apprehension of emotional states, feelings and reactions both in oneself and others. Emotional Recall and Expression. Emotional perceptions elicited from past experiences which can be used in understanding, portraying, and reflecting on the human condition and human behaviour. Guided Dramatic Play. Imaginative play stimulated by a trained leader. Nonverbal Communication. Communication without words using facial expression, gestures, and body language. Playing Space and Audience Space. An area for dramatic activities. A cleared space in a classroom without a designated place for observation by an audience. Theatrical production clearly establishes an acting area, or stage, and a designated audience area: proscenium (one side), thrust (three sides), area (four sides).

Telescope

Today, microscopes are of great importance especially on the field of Biological Science. One of its major use is to determine the sizes of microorganisms which are of great importance in understanding certain biological phenomena. Getting the actual size of microscopic objects such as microorganisms using calibrated eyepiece micrometer is termed micrometer (Echoic, et. Al. , 2000). It is important for investigators across a number of disciplines. A biologist, for example, needs to know the exact size of two organisms to provide an intelligent comparison (I. E.Almoner). The intent of this activity is to create an awareness in proper handling techniques ND correct use of a microscope to students pursuing courses in the field of Biological Sciences. This activity is also intended to teach students microscope calibration techniques. II. Materials and Methods To able to obtain the exact measurement of a specimen, the ocular micrometer should be calibrated first. By doing so, the calibrat ion constant (C) is obtained. To get the calibration constant, a stage micrometer, an ocular micrometer and a microscope is used.The ocular micrometer was placed inside the ocular lens of the microscope and the stage micrometer on the stage. The field was adjusted so that a line in the ocular micrometer is superimposing a line in the stage micrometer. Once this was set, the number of divisions in both micrometers from the first superimposing lines to the next line that superimposed was counted. The number of divisions in the stage micrometer was divided by the divisions in the ocular micrometer. The quotient was multiplied by pm.The product obtained was the calibration constant. The calibration constant was determined in each of the objective lenses of the microscope. Once the ocular micrometer was calibrated, the pastimes were viewed and measured. The correct measurement was obtained by counting the ocular micrometer divisions occupied by the specimen and multiplying it by the cali bration constant of the objective lens used. The deviation between the measurement should only appear on the decimal places of the figure. Ill. Results and Discussion Table 1. Calibration Constant Under Different Microscope Objective Lenses Table 1. 0 shows the summary for the computed calibration constant under the high power objective (HOP) and the the low power objective (LOOP). Under the HOP, the umber of divisions in the ocular micrometer between the two superimposing lines is four while on the stage micrometer it is five. Dividing five by four, the value 1. 25 is obtained. This is not yet the calibration constant. The value 1. 25 should be multiplied by Imp to get the C.By doing so, we get 12. Pm as the C under the HOP. For the LOOP the recorded stage micrometer division is five while the ocular micrometer division is fifteen. Dividing five by fifteen we get the value 0. 3333. Multiplying this value by pm, we get a C of 3. Amp under the LOOP. The calibration constant differ en der different magnifications. Table 2. 0 Size Measurement of Amoeba through Calibrated Ocular Micrometer MOD* Size (MOD X ICQ Average Length HOP 61 203. Apron 203. 531 pm LOOP 16. 3 203. PRNG Width 15 49. 995 pm 49. 98 pm 4 pm *OMG)- Ocular Micrometer Divisions Since the ocular micrometer was already calibrated, the exact measurement of the specimen can now be obtained. A prepared slide of Amoeba is used as the first specimen. Two dimensions was measured in the specimen, the length and the width. For the length, the specimen occupies 61 MOD under the HOP and 16. 3 MOD under the LOOP. Multiplying the MOD by the C, we get the exact size of the specimen. Under the HOP, the exact length is 203. Pm while on the LOOP it is 203. Pm. By averaging we get 203. 31 pm as the exact length of the first specimen. Same process was done with the measurement of the width. Under the HOP, 15 MOD was occupied providing a measurement of 49. Pm. For the LOOP, four MOD was occupied providing a measurement of pm. By getting the average we get 49. Pm as the exact width of the specimen. Table 2. 1 Size Measurement of Radiogram through Calibrated Ocular Micrometer 101 336. 663 337. 067 27 337. Apron 6 86. Mom 86. Mom 6. 9 86. PRNG For the second specimen, a prepared slide of Radiogram was used.The measurement procedure was Just the same to that of the Amoeba (specimen 1). For the length, under the HOP, the Radiogram occupies 101 MOD giving a size of 336. Pm. Under the LOOP it occupies 27 MOD equivalent to a size of 337. Pm. By averaging, we get 337. Pm for the length of the specimen. For the width, the specimen occupies 26 MOD under the HOP which is equivalent to 86. Pm. Under the LOOP, 6. 9 MOD was occupied giving a size of 86. Pm. We get 86. Pm for the width of the specimen.

Free Essays on Is There A God

of Charles Spurgeon â€Å"Men will allow God to be everywhere except on his throne† d. Men want help but not leadership B. The only question that matters 1. Influences our attitudes 2. Influences our personality 3. How we spend our money 4. Everything about us C. The answer will show us what’s after death 1. Heaven 2. Hell 3. No life after death D. If there is a God, who is he 1. Indians believed in Sun God 2. Greeks worshipped Zeus 3. Some people to are atheists 4. Christians worship Jehovah II. Proving Gods existence A. Numbers to big for universe to happen by chance 1. The sun a. Has a diameter of 864,000 miles b. Any bigger everything collapses into it c. Smaller everything flies off 2. The earth a. A diameter of 8,000 miles b. If smaller, earth has no atmosphere c. Travels at 67,000 miles per hour d. 93 million miles from sun e. If farther we freeze f. Closer we burn up 3. Earths atmosphere a. 71% Nitrogen b. 21% Oxygen c. 2% Other d. Any different, we wouldn’t be able to breathe B. 7 ways of Disproving Evolution 1. Decay of earth’s magnetic field a.  ½ life of 1,400 yrs b. 7,000 yrs ago 32 times stronger c. 25,000 years ago, its heat and strength destroys earth d. Earth must be less than 25,000 yrs old 2. Populations Statistics a. A  ½ % growth rate, 5 billion people in 4,500 yrs b. It’s believed that the flood of Noah was 4,500 yrs ago ... Free Essays on Is There A God Free Essays on Is There A God God? Is there a god? If there is a god why doesn’t he make himself more evident and his existence not only proved by faith? Vailable questions that have plagued mankind since the place we have come to know as our world, came to be. I consider myself a Christian but many times I struggle with the same questions the atheist and agnostics use to disprove the existence of an all powerful, and omniscient God. Can we prove God or did this God make it so we must believe blindly or by solely faith? The bible states "Behold, as for the proud one, His soul is not right within him; But the righteous will live by his faith. As Christians we must go on faith but there is enough evidence to prove his existence. Occam’s razor is a principle made by William of Occam in the late 13th century. that scientist of today and all through time have used this, it states that one should use a simple explanation with a few explanatory premises before a more complex one. Most non believers use this in order to try to disprove god by saying that is it more simple to say that there is an all powerful God which space and time does not apply and all things are made and verified through him or is it simpler to say that all things just occur because of the way they are and through adaptation. I believe on the other hand that it is simplier to say that one person has created all we see rather than a one in a billion chance of the proper elements coming together at one moment in time and magically we appear. It is a known fact among Christians that our God is all powerful and can do all things no matter the task. Hes created everything we see and knows all that we do and all to come. By believing this same premise, non-believers create a reasoning that being omnipotent is impossible because you arrive at paradoxes, such as can God create a wall that even he cant tear down? Or can God create a Rock even he can’t carry? By saying no to either of these your show... Free Essays on Is There A God IS THERE A GOD? Purpose: To strengthen the belief in God using scientific theories and mathematical equations. Thematic Statement: The universe that we live in is much too big and complex to have happened by chance, and there are scientific and mathematic equations to back up my beliefs. I. Is there a God A. Belief of God is more questioned today than ever 1. As science advances, men question more 2. Men today have more pride than ever a. Refusal to believe that God is over them b. Want to feel that they are above all c. In the words of Charles Spurgeon â€Å"Men will allow God to be everywhere except on his throne† d. Men want help but not leadership B. The only question that matters 1. Influences our attitudes 2. Influences our personality 3. How we spend our money 4. Everything about us C. The answer will show us what’s after death 1. Heaven 2. Hell 3. No life after death D. If there is a God, who is he 1. Indians believed in Sun God 2. Greeks worshipped Zeus 3. Some people to are atheists 4. Christians worship Jehovah II. Proving Gods existence A. Numbers to big for universe to happen by chance 1. The sun a. Has a diameter of 864,000 miles b. Any bigger everything collapses into it c. Smaller everything flies off 2. The earth a. A diameter of 8,000 miles b. If smaller, earth has no atmosphere c. Travels at 67,000 miles per hour d. 93 million miles from sun e. If farther we freeze f. Closer we burn up 3. Earths atmosphere a. 71% Nitrogen b. 21% Oxygen c. 2% Other d. Any different, we wouldn’t be able to breathe B. 7 ways of Disproving Evolution 1. Decay of earth’s magnetic field a.  ½ life of 1,400 yrs b. 7,000 yrs ago 32 times stronger c. 25,000 years ago, its heat and strength destroys earth d. Earth must be less than 25,000 yrs old 2. Populations Statistics a. A  ½ % growth rate, 5 billion people in 4,500 yrs b. It’s believed that the flood of Noah was 4,500 yrs ago ...